Bible Bits and Bytes

That night Jacob got up and took his two wives, his two maidservants and his eleven sons and crossed the ford of the Jabbok.  After he had sent them across the stream, he sent over all his possessions.  So Jacob was left alone, and a man wrestled with him till daybreak.  When the man saw that he could not overpower him, he touched the socket of Jacob’s hip so that his hip was wrenched as he wrestled with the man.  Then the man said, “Let me go, for it is daybreak.”
But Jacob replied, “I will not let you go unless you bless me.”

The man asked him, “What is your name?”
“Jacob,” he answered.

Then the man said, “Your name will no longer be Jacob, but Israel, ^[a] because you have struggled with God and with men and have overcome.”

Jacob said, “Please tell me your name.”
But he replied, “Why do you ask my name?” Then he blessed him there.

So Jacob called the place Peniel,  saying, “It is because I saw God face to face, and yet my life was spared.”

The sun rose above him as he passed Peniel,  and he was limping because of his hip.  Therefore to this day the Israelites do not eat the tendon attached to the socket of the hip, because the socket of Jacob’s hip was touched near the tendon.

My Thoughts:

I have to admit this whole ending section is a total mystery to me.

Jacob gets up in the middle of the night – and sends everyone and everything across a stream, so that he is left alone in what was the camp.

Then ‘a man wrestled with him til daybreak’. The clear implication is that this is God. And if that is so, the contest would be too lopsided, for God most certainly would win. After all, He is the Creator, and Jacob is the created. But here…’the man’ – still unidentified saw that he could not defeat Jacob (which to me means quite clearly that this is not God), so he resorts to causing Jacob’s hip to go out of joint later on – and then the struggle begins again. Why are they wrestling? What is the purpose? I do not understand at all where this is coming from.

The ‘man’ then asks Jacob to let him go. Jacob says he will not unless the man will bless him. Not understanding that comment either. Jacob must feel he has the upper hand now, and is making conditions on ending the fight. The man then asks Jacob what his name is. Jacob answers, saying “Jacob”. Then the ‘man’ says his name will no longer be Jacob, but will be Israel because you struggled with God and with men and have overcome.  So…this means that it is possible to ‘struggle’ with God and not lose – even overcome? Not clear to me at all.

Jacob then asks the ‘man’ for his name – seems only fair – as the man had just changed his. But the man deflects the question by his own question ‘why do you ask me my name?’ – and then he blesses Jacob there.

Jacob then calls this place “Peniel” because this was where he saw God face to face and did not die. The sun rose as Jacob, now Israel, passed the place and he was limping because of his hurt hip. Then there is the statement that to this day the Jews do not eat the tendon that is attached to the hip of an animal because of this. Have no idea whether this is still so.

Maybe some day I will re-read this, and it will make sense to me – but right now, God is blinding me as to what it means, and I remain mystified.

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He spent the night there, and from what he had with him he selected a gift for his brother Esau:  two hundred female goats and twenty male goats, two hundred ewes and twenty rams,  thirty female camels with their young, forty cows and ten bulls, and twenty female donkeys and ten male donkeys.  He put them in the care of his servants, each herd by itself, and said to his servants, “Go ahead of me, and keep some space between the herds.”

He instructed the one in the lead: “When my brother Esau meets you and asks, ‘To whom do you belong, and where are you going, and who owns all these animals in front of you?’  then you are to say, ‘They belong to your servant Jacob. They are a gift sent to my lord Esau, and he is coming behind us.’ ”

He also instructed the second, the third and all the others who followed the herds: “You are to say the same thing to Esau when you meet him.  And be sure to say, ‘Your servant Jacob is coming behind us.’ ” For he thought, “I will pacify him with these gifts I am sending on ahead; later, when I see him, perhaps he will receive me.”  So Jacob’s gifts went on ahead of him, but he himself spent the night in the camp.

My Thoughts:

Jacob puts together a huge gift for his brother – some of all of the herds that he has, he selects both female and male multiples, and has them all put in separate caves – aside from the rest of his flocks and herds.

He then tells the herdsman of each of these flocks to start off for where Esau is, keeping space between the herds. He tells each of them, that if they actually run into Esau or his servants and are questioned about who they are and who the stock they are herding belong to, they are to tell them that they ‘belong to your servant Jacob. They are a gift sent to my Lord Esau, and Jacob is following behind’. With these instructions he sends them off.

He is hoping that if Esau sees all the gifts that are coming to him, and the wording of the offering of the gift, that he will be seen in a favorable light. Even though the flocks, herds, and herdsmen had already left – Jacob stayed the night in the camp. Inordinate amount of fear of his brother here…

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Jacob also went on his way, and the angels of God met him.  When Jacob saw them, he said, “This is the camp of God!” So he named that place Mahanaim.

Jacob sent messengers ahead of him to his brother Esau in the land of Seir, the country of Edom.  He instructed them: “This is what you are to say to my master Esau: ‘Your servant Jacob says, I have been staying with Laban and have remained there till now.  I have cattle and donkeys, sheep and goats, menservants and maidservants. Now I am sending this message to my lord, that I may find favor in your eyes.’ ”

When the messengers returned to Jacob, they said, “We went to your brother Esau, and now he is coming to meet you, and four hundred men are with him.”

In great fear and distress Jacob divided the people who were with him into two groups,  and the flocks and herds and camels as well.  He thought, “If Esau comes and attacks one group,  the group  that is left may escape.”

Then Jacob prayed, “O God of my father Abraham, God of my father Isaac, O LORD, who said to me, ‘Go back to your country and your relatives, and I will make you prosper,’  I am unworthy of all the kindness and faithfulness you have shown your servant. I had only my staff when I crossed this Jordan, but now I have become two groups.  Save me, I pray, from the hand of my brother Esau, for I am afraid he will come and attack me, and also the mothers with their children.  But you have said, ‘I will surely make you prosper and will make your descendants like the sand of the sea, which cannot be counted.’ “

My Thoughts:

Jacob now is on his way to see his brother Esau. As he leaves the boundary and Laban, he is met by the ‘angels of God’ – and thus realizes that God is with him

Jacob then sent messengers ahead to his brother, and told him a short history of where he has been, and that he now has family and possessions. He then asks to find favor in Esau’s eyes. (This immediately makes me think – why go see him at all, if you don’t think it’s going to go well….and why make public that you have flocks and goods – if there was temptation to be had, this would push it along). He sends the messengers off and waits for the answer.

The messengers come back and tell Jacob that they delivered the message, and that Esau is coming to meet Jacob – with 400 men with him. This of course, scares Jacob, for he thinks that if Esau has all that many men with him, it is not for any good. Jacob then divides his family and livestock and goods into two separate groups – thinking that if Esau comes and attacks Jacob – they may only destroy half of what Jacob has. And I just cannot imagine why Jacob would do this in the first place.

Jacob then prays to God and ‘says’ he is trusting that God had told him to go back to the land of his father, and God would  make him prosper. Jacob asks God to save him from Esau.

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Laban answered Jacob, “The women are my daughters, the children are my children, and the flocks are my flocks. All you see is mine. Yet what can I do today about these daughters of mine, or about the children they have borne?  Come now, let’s make a covenant, you and I, and let it serve as a witness between us.”

So Jacob took a stone and set it up as a pillar.  He said to his relatives, “Gather some stones.” So they took stones and piled them in a heap, and they ate there by the heap.  Laban called it Jegar Sahadutha,  and Jacob called it Galeed.

Laban said, “This heap is a witness between you and me today.” That is why it was called Galeed.  It was also called Mizpah, because he said, “May the LORD keep watch between you and me when we are away from each other.  If you mistreat my daughters or if you take any wives besides my daughters, even though no one is with us, remember that God is a witness between you and me.”

Laban also said to Jacob, “Here is this heap, and here is this pillar I have set up between you and me.  This heap is a witness, and this pillar is a witness, that I will not go past this heap to your side to harm you and that you will not go past this heap and pillar to my side to harm me.  May the God of Abraham and the God of Nahor, the God of their father, judge between us.”
So Jacob took an oath in the name of the Fear of his father Isaac.  He offered a sacrifice there in the hill country and invited his relatives to a meal. After they had eaten, they spent the night there.

Early the next morning Laban kissed his grandchildren and his daughters and blessed them. Then he left and returned home.

My Thoughts:

Laban tells Jacob that he pursued them because the daughters are his daughters, the grandchildren are his grandchildren – and he also laid claim to the flocks. I don’t think that is right, as Jacob worked for those flocks. He was also married to Leah and Rachel, so they really weren’t ‘Laban’s’ any more – and the grandchildren were part of Jacob and their family. Odd how they consider who ‘belongs’ to who.

At any rate, Laban and Rachel decide to make another covenant. Jacob takes a stone and makes it a pillar – they also pile up a ‘heap’ of stones. This, according to the Bible notes, marks the boundary now between Laban’s land and Jacob’s. Laban makes a speech declaring that these stones are the symbol of a covenant between them and God – that from now on those stones will be a witness that neither of them will cross the boundary of the other with intent to do harm. Jacob agreed to this, and the entire assembly then sat down and had a meal to celebrate the end of the hostility between them.

The next morning Laban kissed his grandchildren and his daughters, and blessed them. He then returned home. The mystery of the household gods was never solved for Laban, and I wonder what Rachel will do with them now.

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So Laban went into Jacob’s tent and into Leah’s tent and into the tent of the two maidservants, but he found nothing. After he came out of Leah’s tent, he entered Rachel’s tent.  Now Rachel had taken the household gods and put them inside her camel’s saddle and was sitting on them. Laban searched through everything in the tent but found nothing.

Rachel said to her father, “Don’t be angry, my lord, that I cannot stand up in your presence; I’m having my period.” So he searched but could not find the household gods.

Jacob was angry and took Laban to task. “What is my crime?” he asked Laban. “What sin have I committed that you hunt me down?  Now that you have searched through all my goods, what have you found that belongs to your household? Put it here in front of your relatives and mine, and let them judge between the two of us.

“I have been with you for twenty years now. Your sheep and goats have not miscarried, nor have I eaten rams from your flocks.  I did not bring you animals torn by wild beasts; I bore the loss myself. And you demanded payment from me for whatever was stolen by day or night.  This was my situation: The heat consumed me in the daytime and the cold at night, and sleep fled from my eyes.  It was like this for the twenty years I was in your household. I worked for you fourteen years for your two daughters and six years for your flocks, and you changed my wages ten times.  If the God of my father, the God of Abraham and the Fear of Isaac, had not been with me, you would surely have sent me away empty-handed. But God has seen my hardship and the toil of my hands, and last night he rebuked you.”

My Thoughts:

Laban sets about searching through Jacob’s camp – he goes through all the tents and finds nothing. Meantime, Rachel has taken the gods she stole, and hid them in her camel’s saddle, and was sitting on them. She even excuses her lack of proper attitude in not standing in her father’s presence by telling him she was having her period. (Not an excuse I would use)

Laban ends up finding nothing, because of course he hasn’t looked in the camel saddles. Now Jacob gets angry with Laban, and goes again to listing out all the grievances he has against him. And most of them are right – he has worked for Laban for all those years, but gotten nothing in return in the way of respect or money.

Jacob’s reason for leaving without saying anything was that he was afraid that Laban would take everything away from him that he had worked for for the last twenty years (and it sounds like he would have) – and therefore he left, taking what he considered to be his – the fruit of his twenty years labor. And he considers it to be God’s rebuke of Laban!

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On the third day Laban was told that Jacob had fled.  Taking his relatives with him, he pursued Jacob for seven days and caught up with him in the hill country of Gilead.  Then God came to Laban the Aramean in a dream at night and said to him, “Be careful not to say anything to Jacob, either good or bad.”

Jacob had pitched his tent in the hill country of Gilead when Laban overtook him, and Laban and his relatives camped there too.  Then Laban said to Jacob, “What have you done? You’ve deceived me, and you’ve carried off my daughters like captives in war.  Why did you run off secretly and deceive me? Why didn’t you tell me, so I could send you away with joy and singing to the music of tambourines and harps?  You didn’t even let me kiss my grandchildren and my daughters good-by. You have done a foolish thing.  I have the power to harm you; but last night the God of your father said to me, ‘Be careful not to say anything to Jacob, either good or bad.’  Now you have gone off because you longed to return to your father’s house. But why did you steal my gods?”

Jacob answered Laban, “I was afraid, because I thought you would take your daughters away from me by force.  But if you find anyone who has your gods, he shall not live. In the presence of our relatives, see for yourself whether there is anything of yours here with me; and if so, take it.” Now Jacob did not know that Rachel had stolen the gods.

My Thoughts:

Interesting that now I see God intervening on the other side of this situation! Laban is now chasing after Jacob, having found out that he had fled with his wives and all his household and flocks and goods. It took Laban 7 days to catch up to Jacob, and did so in the hills of Gilead.

Now God appears to Laban in a dream, and tells him to not say anything good or bad to Jacob. Laban goes to the camp where Jacob was, and confronted him. He is angry over the way this departure took place, that Jacob essentially snuck off in the night, without saying anything to anyone. Laban, for his part is hurt that he did not (or so he says) have a chance to give them a proper send-off, or to say good-bye to his daughters and grandchildren. He also tells Jacob, that although he has the power to hurt him (wonder how?) he won’t, because God appeared to him and told him to refrain from saying anything good or bad. At the very end, he asks Jacob why he stole his household gods.

Jacob knows nothing about this – and answers emphatically that it was not done. He tells Laban to look and see, and if anyone had stolen his household gods, then that person would not live (uh oh). He invites Laban to search for them in Jacob’s camp – for he is so certain that this did not happen. Too bad that Rachel did not confide in her husband…

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“In breeding season I once had a dream in which I looked up and saw that the male goats mating with the flock were streaked, speckled or spotted.  The angel of God said to me in the dream, ‘Jacob.’ I answered, ‘Here I am.’  And he said, ‘Look up and see that all the male goats mating with the flock are streaked, speckled or spotted, for I have seen all that Laban has been doing to you.  I am the God of Bethel, where you anointed a pillar and where you made a vow to me. Now leave this land at once and go back to your native land.’ ”

Then Rachel and Leah replied, “Do we still have any share in the inheritance of our father’s estate?  Does he not regard us as foreigners? Not only has he sold us, but he has used up what was paid for us.  Surely all the wealth that God took away from our father belongs to us and our children. So do whatever God has told you.”

Then Jacob put his children and his wives on camels,  and he drove all his livestock ahead of him, along with all the goods he had accumulated in Paddan Aram,  to go to his father Isaac in the land of Canaan.

When Laban had gone to shear his sheep, Rachel stole her father’s household gods.  Moreover, Jacob deceived Laban the Aramean by not telling him he was running away. ²¹ So he fled with all he had, and crossing the River,  he headed for the hill country of Gilead.

My Thoughts:

Jacob proceeds to tell Rachel and Leah about  a dream he had had regarding the flocks and how the males were streaked and spotted – now this dream was not mentioned when he was peeling branches to get the kind of offspring he desired from the flocks. Odd. Then – still in this dream, God told Jacob He had seen all that Laban had done to him, and for him now to pack up all his family and belongings and return to the land of his fathers. Was there a dream? Was Jacob just trying to give more ‘weight’ to his decision to leave?

Then Rachel and Leah replied with their own list of complaints about Laban – how he had squandered what should have been their inheritance of his estate – and how he ‘sold’ them to Jacob, and then spent all the money given for them (confusing – for there was labor involved but no money). They are saying they agree that God had taken the offspring of the flocks away from Laban and given them to Jacob – as they all turned out to be streaked or spotted. They agree to do whatever Jacob wants.

So…Jacob puts the wives and children on camels and drove all his livestock in front of him, taking all the goods he had accumulated in all the years he had worked for Laban, and started off for the land of Canaan, to return to his father’s land.

Now another odd note – while Laban was gone to shear the sheep – Rachel stole her father’s household gods. Why? What good were they to them? Was this just to ‘pay back’ Laban? I found this really strange. Then the text states that Jacob deceived Laban by not telling him he was running away. Seems to me that there was plenty of deception going around on all sides here, for no one to be justified in pointing fingers at anyone else.

So..Jacob fled with all he had, crossing the River (which one is that? The bible notes say it is the Euphrates) and heading for the hill country of Gilead.

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Jacob heard that Laban’s sons were saying, “Jacob has taken everything our father owned and has gained all this wealth from what belonged to our father.”  And Jacob noticed that Laban’s attitude toward him was not what it had been.

Then the LORD said to Jacob, “Go back to the land of your fathers and to your relatives, and I will be with you.”

So Jacob sent word to Rachel and Leah to come out to the fields where his flocks were.  He said to them, “I see that your father’s attitude toward me is not what it was before, but the God of my father has been with me.  You know that I’ve worked for your father with all my strength,  yet your father has cheated me by changing my wages ten times. However, God has not allowed him to harm me.  If he said, ‘The speckled ones will be your wages,’ then all the flocks gave birth to speckled young; and if he said, ‘The streaked ones will be your wages,’ then all the flocks bore streaked young.  So God has taken away your father’s livestock and has given them to me.

My Thoughts:

This section of the chapter was interesting to me in a couple of ways.

First – Jacob hears that Laban’s sons are jealous of his success, and are now turning it into him ‘stealing’ from Laban, rather than taking what was agreed on. This wasn’t true – as the agreed upon terms were for the ‘spotted and streaked’ livestock (considered inferior) were to be Jacob’s – but, on the other hand, Jacob did manipulate the outcome of the birth of new livestock.  How this happened is a mystery – for the way genetics works does not depend on any branches in front of the livestock – which leaves God allowing this to happen regardless of the laws of genetics. Laban, for his part, took away the initial offspring that were spotted and streaked, so that Jacob could not have them. They were both at fault, and neither went into this agreement with honor.

Jacob also notes that Laban’s attitude toward him has changed – perhaps because in spite of  his trying to eliminate the animals that were to be Jacob’s pay – Jacob got them anyway – so he was topped at his own game. And I’m sure he didn’t like it one bit – and his attitude changed as he became embittered over it.

God then speaks to Jacob, and tells him it is time for him and his family and all the livestock to move back to the land of his fathers – that his time in servitude to Laban has long been fulfilled, and now is going to go badly – good time to just end it, and start over back in familiar territory, among friends. Jacob calls Rachel and Leah out to the fields to meet with him, and tells them this – along with his story of the livestock versus Laban’s story of the livestock and how they were the wages to be paid.

Be interesting to see how this story plays out!

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After Rachel gave birth to Joseph, Jacob said to Laban, “Send me on my way so I can go back to my own homeland.  Give me my wives and children, for whom I have served you, and I will be on my way. You know how much work I’ve done for you.”

But Laban said to him, “If I have found favor in your eyes, please stay. I have learned by divination that  the LORD has blessed me because of you.”  He added, “Name your wages, and I will pay them.”

Jacob said to him, “You know how I have worked for you and how your livestock has fared under my care.  The little you had before I came has increased greatly, and the LORD has blessed you wherever I have been. But now, when may I do something for my own household?”

“What shall I give you?” he asked.
“Don’t give me anything,” Jacob replied. “But if you will do this one thing for me, I will go on tending your flocks and watching over them:  Let me go through all your flocks today and remove from them every speckled or spotted sheep, every dark-colored lamb and every spotted or speckled goat. They will be my wages.  And my honesty will testify for me in the future, whenever you check on the wages you have paid me. Any goat in my possession that is not speckled or spotted, or any lamb that is not dark-colored, will be considered stolen.”

“Agreed,” said Laban. “Let it be as you have said.”  That same day he removed all the male goats that were streaked or spotted, and all the speckled or spotted female goats (all that had white on them) and all the dark-colored lambs, and he placed them in the care of his sons.  Then he put a three-day journey between himself and Jacob, while Jacob continued to tend the rest of Laban’s flocks.

Jacob, however, took fresh-cut branches from poplar, almond and plane trees and made white stripes on them by peeling the bark and exposing the white inner wood of the branches.  Then he placed the peeled branches in all the watering troughs, so that they would be directly in front of the flocks when they came to drink. When the flocks were in heat and came to drink,  they mated in front of the branches. And they bore young that were streaked or speckled or spotted.  Jacob set apart the young of the flock by themselves, but made the rest face the streaked and dark-colored animals that belonged to Laban. Thus he made separate flocks for himself and did not put them with Laban’s animals.  Whenever the stronger females were in heat, Jacob would place the branches in the troughs in front of the animals so they would mate near the branches,  but if the animals were weak, he would not place them there. So the weak animals went to Laban and the strong ones to Jacob.  In this way the man grew exceedingly prosperous and came to own large flocks, and maidservants and menservants, and camels and donkeys.

My Thoughts:

The oddness in this story continues. I remember the first time I ever read any of the Old Testament, and was astonished at how violent, and deceitful and downright ugly acting the people I read about were – somehow I had gotten the idea that if you were in the Bible, all the people would be good and wonderful – and here I am years later, still astonished at the behavior of these people. Who are, I know, just like people everywhere, and at any time.

After Rachel gave birth to the last child, Jacob went to Laban and wanted to leave. He had fulfilled his obligations to Laban by working for him for so long, and now he wanted to move on with his own family. Now Laban didn’t want Jacob to leave, because his possessions had been greatly blessed by God the whole time Jacob had been there. Laban asks Jacob what should he give him to entice him to stay.

Jacob then asks for all the sheep and goats that anyone else would consider a little below par, having spots or stripes, or dark colored wool on them. Laban agreed to this – and then went right out and took every single animal like that out of his herds, and put them in the care of his sons. Then he put a three-day’s journey of space between him and Jacob.  More deception.

Jacob then  took branches from the almond, poplar and plane trees, and peeled the bark off in strips, exposing the white inner part. He then placed these branches in the watering troughs of the animals – so they would be right in front of them as they got water. The sheep, when in heat, mated in front of these branches, and produced spotted and striped offspring (kind of flies in the face of genetics. And would God go along with this manipulation – since it was done to deceive? Hmmm).  As soon as these lambs were born, Jacob removed them from the herds, keeping them to himself, so Laban would never see them. He did a bit of genetics himself by putting out the branches when the strongest ewes came to drink, and not putting them out when the weaker ones were there. Therefore, his lambs would always be the best stock.

In this way (but was it a good way?), he became very rich, with many flocks, and maidservants and menservants, camels and donkeys. Had to have been a good businessman – as this branches thing would not also be the method by which he increased all of these.

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During wheat harvest, Reuben went out into the fields and found some mandrake plants, which he brought to his mother Leah. Rachel said to Leah, “Please give me some of your son’s mandrakes.”

But she said to her, “Wasn’t it enough that you took away my husband? Will you take my son’s mandrakes too?”
“Very well,” Rachel said, “he can sleep with you tonight in return for your son’s mandrakes.”

So when Jacob came in from the fields that evening, Leah went out to meet him. “You must sleep with me,” she said. “I have hired you with my son’s mandrakes.” So he slept with her that night.

God listened to Leah, and she became pregnant and bore Jacob a fifth son.  Then Leah said, “God has rewarded me for giving my maidservant to my husband.” So she named him Issachar.

Leah conceived again and bore Jacob a sixth son.  Then Leah said, “God has presented me with a precious gift. This time my husband will treat me with honor, because I have borne him six sons.” So she named him Zebulun.

Some time later she gave birth to a daughter and named her Dinah.

Then God remembered Rachel; he listened to her and opened her womb.  She became pregnant and gave birth to a son and said, “God has taken away my disgrace.”  She named him Joseph,  and said, “May the LORD add to me another son.”

My Thoughts:

This rather strange story gets even stranger. It starts with the mandrake plants. Not knowing what these were, I looked them up. They grow as a weed in the wheat fields – and by all accounts are poisonous – so why would anyone harvest them, much less want them? The Bible text (so far) says nothing about why Rachel wanted the plants that Reuben found.

To get even more bizarre, Leah accuses Raches of ‘stealing’ her husband, and now wanting to steal her son’s mandrake plants. So, Rachel ‘bargains’ back with the offer that Leah can sleep with Jacob in return for the plants. Very bizarre.

Leah goes out to the fields to meet Jacob as he returns from the day’s work, and tells him exactly that – and there is nothing in the text that says anyone thought this a bit odd. I found it almost distasteful that Leah says to Jacob ‘I have hired you with my son’s mandrakes’. And Jacob just goes along with it. Very strange.

Then the baby competition begins again. Leah becomes pregnant and has another son – which she says that God has rewarded her for giving her maidservant to Jacob.  She names the baby Issachar.

Leah then becomes pregnant again – and has another son – and now thinks that this is a precious gift from God, and now perhaps her husband will treat her with honor. How sad. She names the baby Zebulun. Some time later, Leah conceives again, and this time has a girl, whom she names Dinah.

Then God remembered (odd way to put it) Rachel, and listened to her, and she conceived again and bore a son. She now considered that God had taken away her ‘disgrace’  - and she named the baby Joseph.

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